The influence of heteroatom doping on the performance of carbon

Various types of energy conversion and storage devices have been developed in recent years to tackle with the problems of the over-consumption of fossil fuels and the environmental pollution they cause. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the key half-cell reaction of many energy conversion and storage devices. The influences of the heteroatom doping of metal-free carbon-based electrocatalysts with N, P, S or B and co-doping with N/P or N/S on their performance as OER electrocatalysts are reviewed. Doping methods to prepare metal-free carbon-based electrocatalysts are summarized, and problems that need to be solved are discussed and challenges for future research are proposed.

The influence of heteroatom doping on the performance of carbon

Scheme 1 Formation of N-doped graphene nanosheets via a 1,3

Heteroatom-doped carbon nanomaterials. a Structures of various

Frontiers Reactive Plasma N-Doping of Amorphous Carbon

a) Raman spectrum of the as-produced N-doped GNSs. (b) XRD pattern

a) Heteroatom doping process on graphitic carbon. b) Rotating disk

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The survey (a) and main peaks of C1s (b) high‐resolution XPS

The survey (a) and main peaks of C1s (b) high‐resolution XPS